
What Is a Rotary Valve? Operating Principle, Structure and Applications
Explore how instruments switch reagents and wash solutions, how rotary valves establish fluid connections, and how they work with pumps in automated liquid handling.

Rotary Valve Selection Guide: From Fluid Paths to System Validation
Map the connections required at each step before comparing specifications. Use the actual liquids, tubing and switching sequence to validate suitability for your instrument.

Choosing Rotary Valve Wetted Materials: Head, Rotor and Seals
Identify every component in contact with liquid before comparing PEEK, PCTFE and other candidates. Evaluate chemical compatibility, dynamic sealing and analytical results together.

What Is a Solenoid Valve? Operating Principles and 2-Way/3-Way Fluid Control
Follow the fluid path after energization to understand how 2-way and 3-way solenoid valves handle reagent dispensing and washing, and how they work with pumps and control programs.

How Does a 6-Port HPLC Injection Valve Work? Load, Inject and Vent
Follow sample loading into an external loop and transfer to the column by the mobile phase, distinguishing the HP valve's main positions and vent path from the factors that determine injection volume.

What Is Pipetting? Manual and Automated Workflows Compared
Pipetting is the transfer of a specified volume of liquid from one location to another. Examples include moving 100 µL from a sample tube into a reaction vessel, or adding sample and diluent in a defined ratio.
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