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Home/Applications/Laboratory automation/Automated Pipetting
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Tubing and fittings in automated pipetting

Application guide

Explore tubing and fitting placement, coordination and configuration for fixed-path sealing and shared-volume control in automated pipetting, with links to operating and validation tasks.

Applicable architecture

This page compares fixed-probe liquid-displacement and disposable-tip air-displacement configurations. Probe or consumable shape alone does not establish the drive architecture. Confirm the actual displacement method and wetted components from the equipment design.[3]

Application guides

Automated pipetting application guide

Automated pipetting fluidics overview
Piston pumps in automated pipetting
Syringe pumps in automated pipetting
Air-Displacement Pipetting Pumps for Automated Pipetting
Single transfers with disposable tipsMultiple dispenses from one aspiration
Sampling Probes for Automated Pipetting
Washing or tip change
Bubble and Pressure Monitoring for Automated Pipetting
Tubing and fittings in automated pipetting

ON THIS PAGE

What do these products do in this instrument?Design tubing and fittings as a complete wetted pathCalculate connection volume and post-maintenance recoveryTranslate actual branch conditions into configuration requirementsCompare product configurations by the roles on this pageRelated operations and architecture comparisonsConfirm product roles in actual operationDoes a fitting that tightens prove the tubing assembly is suitable?ReferencesRelated guides

01What do these products do in this instrument?

Tubing and fittings: fixed-path sealing and shared volume

Connect system liquid, pumps, valves and the probe in fixed-probe architectures, maintaining sealing and priming. For disposable tips, assess the actual air channel and seal design. Document wetted components separately for each architecture.

Tubing and fittings together form sealed connections and the actual transfer path. Check formulation, inner/outer diameters, length, tube-end positioning and port geometry, including added volume in residue and arrival delay.

02Design tubing and fittings as a complete wetted path

Tubing, fittings and ports jointly determine sealing, transfer volume and medium-contact coverage. Materials and dimensions must suit formulation, operating conditions and installation. Include tubing length and interface volume in priming, shared residue and arrival delay. After connection changes, recheck delivery and cleaning through the actual path.

03Calculate connection volume and post-maintenance recovery

Shared volume affects liquid arrival and flushing; interface gaps may retain the previous composition. Record length, actual bore and tube insertion position. After disassembly, reprime and check seals, then compare first-cycle delivery, blanks or recovered product to confirm path recovery.

04Translate actual branch conditions into configuration requirements

Tubing and Fitting Configuration for Automated Pipetting
ConditionTo confirm
Materials and assemblyProvide formulation, tubing inner/outer diameters, length, fitting structure and port fit.
Volume and loadCalculate shared and replacement-component added volumes; measure actual flow and response.
Maintenance recoveryRecord disassembly locations and added volume; recheck priming, sealing and first-cycle received results.
Operations supported in this instrument
OperationSpecific operating conditions
Multiple dispenses from one aspirationDose per operation, total cycle volume, replenishment/bottle-change interval, backpressure and receiving geometry
Washing or tip changeFixed-probe or tip architecture, wetted surfaces, tip-change rules and contamination targets

05Compare product configurations by the roles on this page

Configuration options for the product roles on this page
ProductConfiguration optionConditions to verify
Tubing materials and dimensionsConnection paths and shared volumeBore, length, load and actual formulation jointly determine materials and dimensions
Rigid-tubing fittingsTube-end positioning and sealed connectionsCheck tube outer diameter, threads, seal structure and port-bottom geometry
  • Tubing materials and dimensions
  • Rigid-tubing fittings

06Related operations and architecture comparisons

Multiple dispenses from one aspiration

Nominal capacity minus retained volume determines the usable dispensing range. Record every dose, comparing first, middle and last doses and the first dose after replenishment, rather than measuring the average alone.

  • Multiple dispenses from one aspiration

Washing or tip change

For reusable probes, manage internal and external wetted surfaces. For disposable tips, manage pickup, changes and disposal. Use sample sequences and blanks to determine whether the strategy is adequate.

  • Washing or tip change

07Confirm product roles in actual operation

Operating-point validation and fault localization
OperationMeasurements and observationsPriority checks
Multiple dispenses from one aspirationUse actual media to check first, middle and last doses and delivery after bottle changes; confirm received volume and timing rather than substituting commanded steps for volumeEmpty sources, bubbles, nozzle droplets and backpressure changes affect first or last doses
Washing or tip changeFor fixed needles, check washing and blank recovery. For tip-based architectures, check pickup sealing, tip replacement and contamination across sample sequences.Insufficient wash coverage, a missed tip change or a failed seal may affect the next sample

Measure delivery with actual liquids, tips and well positions, including idle periods, refills and multiple dispensing.

08Does a fitting that tightens prove the tubing assembly is suitable?

Also confirm port geometry, tube-end positioning and seal fit. Check leakage, hold-up and performance after repeated maintenance under actual conditions; thread engagement alone is insufficient.

Nominal capacity and volume per step do not establish the minimum reliable pipetting volume. Disposable tips and reusable probes require different cleaning strategies.

References

View references (3)
  1. [1]FOREACH tubing materials and dimensions: configurations and specifications
  2. [2]FOREACH rigid-tubing fittings: configurations and specifications
  3. [3]Hamilton air-displacement pipetting channels, tips, monitoring and motion technologies

Related guides

  • Back to the automated pipetting fluidics overview

Related Products

Tubing materials and dimensions; representative configuration. Select capacity, materials and interfaces for the application.

Tubing materials and dimensions

Rigid-tubing fittings; representative configuration. Select capacity, materials and interfaces for the application.

Rigid-tubing fittings

Related Technical Articles

What is flow resistance calculation for? Using the Foreach calculator in fluid-path design and selection

The free flow rate of the pump meets the requirements. After installing the pipelines, valves and joints, the liquid supply at the end is insufficient. Flow resistance calculations can break the problem down into comparable data: what pressure differential is required at the target flow rate, where does the pressure loss mainly occur, and what happens if the pipe diameter, pipe length, component Cv or medium viscosity is changed. This article combines the actual function of the Foreach flow resistance calculator with a recalculable fluid circuit case to explain how to use the calculation results for design, selection, troubleshooting and prototype verification.

2026-09-11View Details

Why Does Actual Flow Change So Much When the Tubing Size Changes on the Same Miniature Diaphragm Pump?

Even when the pump is unchanged, installed flow can change because of tubing inner diameter, length, bends, and the minimum bore of fittings. When flow falls after a tubing change, the effective response is neither to blame the pump first nor to enlarge every tube indiscriminately. Measure inlet pressure, outlet pressure, and accumulated flow together to determine where the added restriction actually occurs.

2026-08-24View Details

What Is Pipetting? Manual and Automated Workflows Compared

Pipetting is the transfer of a specified volume of liquid from one location to another. Examples include moving 100 µL from a sample tube into a reaction vessel, or adding sample and diluent in a defined ratio.

2026-09-29View Details

Discuss fluidic configurations for automated pipetting

Provide a fluid diagram, the actual liquids and pressures in each state. Bore size, length, load and actual formulation jointly determine material and dimensional choices. Check tubing OD, threads, sealing structure and port-bottom geometry. Compare suitable configurations against the validation objectives described here.

Contact an engineer