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Home/Applications/In Vitro Diagnostics/Clinical chemistry analyzer
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Tubing and fittings in clinical chemistry analyzers

Application guide

A replacement tube can seal correctly yet change the first sample or reagent reaching a clinical chemistry cuvette. Select connections as part of the complete sampling, metering and washing path, with attention to where sample contacts the circuit and how shared liquid is renewed.

Application guide

Clinical chemistry analyzer

Clinical chemistry analyzer
Diaphragm pumps in clinical chemistry analyzers
Probe/cuvette wash supply and waste removal
Bubble and pressure detection in clinical chemistry analyzers
Tubing and fittings in clinical chemistry analyzers
Multiport rotary valves in clinical chemistry analyzers
Sample, reagent and wash-path switching
Piston pumps in clinical chemistry analyzers
Metered reagent dispensingSample aspiration and transfer
Sampling and wash probes in clinical chemistry analyzers
Syringe pumps in clinical chemistry analyzers

On this page

What do these products do in this instrument?Separate specimen contact from system-liquid displacementTreat a connection change as a change to the delivery sequenceTranslate actual branch conditions into configuration requirementsTubing connectionsCompare product configurations by the roles on this pageRelated operations and architecture comparisonsConfirm product roles in actual operationIs a replacement tube acceptable when the threads fit and the line does not leak?ReferencesRelated guides

01What do these products do in this instrument?

Tubing and fittings: connect sources, metering units and probe tips

Connect bottles, metering units, valves and probes while preserving the intended sample-contact and system-liquid boundaries. Tubing used to drive a sample at the probe has a different contact duty from tubing that carries the specimen itself; that distinction determines materials, cleaning and recovery checks.

Tubing and fittings together form sealed connections and the actual transfer path. Check formulation, inner/outer diameters, length, tube-end positioning and port geometry, including added volume in residue and arrival delay.

02Separate specimen contact from system-liquid displacement

Draw the path in each aspiration and delivery state before choosing materials or bore. In a system-liquid architecture, verify the interface that separates the specimen from the driving liquid; in a direct-contact path, include the entire specimen-wetted section in the wash sequence. Reducing internal volume can reduce liquid held between operations, but the selected bore and routing must still support aspiration, probe motion and service access.

Further technical reading

  • Microfluidic Hard-Tube Fitting Selection Guide: Flanged, Ferrule and Snap-Ring Connections
  • Why Does Actual Flow Change So Much When the Tubing Size Changes on the Same Miniature Diaphragm Pump?
  • What is flow resistance calculation for? Using the Foreach calculator in fluid-path design and selection

03Treat a connection change as a change to the delivery sequence

Record the installed tube length, bore and port seating when a line or fitting is replaced. Added volume can alter priming and the time at which fresh reagent reaches the probe; a gap can retain an earlier composition. Recheck the first transfer and the sample-change sequence, not only the absence of visible leakage, before restoring the original program.

04Translate actual branch conditions into configuration requirements

Tubing and fitting configuration conditions in clinical chemistry analyzers
ConditionTo confirm
Contact mapMark specimen, reagent, system-liquid and wash contact for each segment, including the cleaning agents and actual contact conditions.
Installed dimensionsRecord the length and bore that determine held liquid, together with tube outer diameter, end position, fitting seal and mating port.
Return to serviceDefine the priming outlet and first-dose check, then assess the relevant high-to-low sample sequence or reagent blank after a connection change.
Operations supported in this instrument
OperationSpecific operating conditions
Tubing connectionsActual specimen-contact or system-liquid layout, reagent and wash formulations, installed tube dimensions, port seating and the transfer sequence after service

05Tubing connections

Start at the liquid source and follow the active path through the valve, metering unit and probe. Label where the specimen is retained and which sections contain driving or wash liquid; this determines what a connection change can affect.

When replacing a line, restore the intended routing and port seating before changing the dosing program. Measure priming and the first received transfer so an assembly difference is not hidden by a software correction.

Assess aspiration and delivery pressure states with the actual assembly, including movement of the probe where relevant. Check that routing remains seated and does not kink during the programmed motion.

If volume recovers but the next sample or blank remains affected, investigate retained liquid and washing at the changed interface. Volume calibration and removal of previous composition solve different problems.

06Compare product configurations by the roles on this page

Configuration options for the product roles on this page
ProductConfiguration optionConditions to verify
Tubing materials and dimensionsConnection paths and shared volumeBore, length, load and actual formulation jointly determine materials and dimensions
Rigid-tubing fittingsTube-end positioning and sealed connectionsCheck tube outer diameter, threads, seal structure and port-bottom geometry
  • Tubing materials and dimensions

    Tubing materials and dimensions

    View Details
  • Rigid-tubing fittings

    Rigid-tubing fittings

    View Details

07Related operations and architecture comparisons

Sample aspiration and transfer

Low remaining volume, probe contact with a wall and aspiration/dispensing reversals may alter delivery. First measure error in the target container, then assess residue using a blank after a concentrated sample; one calibration cannot address both issues.

  • Sample aspiration and transfer

Metered reagent dispensing

For repeated dispensing, record usable doses per fill and replenishment points. Confirm restoration of the liquid column after replenishment before evaluating the first dose. Retrying an interrupted action must also avoid duplicate addition to the same cuvette.

  • Metered reagent dispensing

Probe/cuvette wash supply and waste removal

Internal-probe, external-probe and cuvette-bottom residue cannot all be solved by increasing the same supply volume. Check cleaning coverage, aspiration height and waste capacity, then validate recovery with high/low concentration switching and blanks.

  • Probe/cuvette wash supply and waste removal

08Confirm product roles in actual operation

Operating-point validation and fault localization
OperationMeasurements and observationsPriority checks
Tubing connectionsCompare cuvette receipt and first-dose arrival before and after the connection change. Include idle recovery and the relevant high-to-low sequence with the complete probe-wash procedure.A leak test may pass while extra length, a seating gap or retained wash liquid changes the first transfer. Inspect the changed segment before compensating with a different pump command.

Keep an installation record that can reproduce the accepted path. Release it after sealing, actual delivery and the relevant carryover or blank checks agree with the analyzer method.

09Is a replacement tube acceptable when the threads fit and the line does not leak?

Also compare bore, installed length, tube-end seating and the wetted seal. Those changes can alter held liquid and first-dose behavior without an external leak, so verify the actual transfer and sample-change sequence after replacement.

The assay determines sample suitability; full-scale metering specifications cannot replace small-dose and complete-instrument results.

References

View references (2)
  1. [1]FOREACH tubing materials and dimensions: configurations and specifications
  2. [2]FOREACH rigid-tubing fittings: configurations and specifications

Related guides

  • Back to the clinical chemistry analyzer fluidics overview

Related Products

Tubing

Tubing

Hard-tube fittings

Hard-tube fittings

Related Technical Articles

Microfluidic Hard-Tube Fitting Selection Guide: Flanged, Ferrule and Snap-Ring Connections

Selection essentials: Check port geometry, tubing OD and fluid first, then pressure, maintenance frequency and tube-end preparation. Flanged fittings press a tube-end flange against a flat sealing face; ferrules grip the tube as the fitting tightens; snap-ring designs use a sleeve and sealing ring. Matching threads and tube diameters alone do not establish compatibility.

2026-10-12View Details

Why Does Actual Flow Change So Much When the Tubing Size Changes on the Same Miniature Diaphragm Pump?

Even when the pump is unchanged, installed flow can change because of tubing inner diameter, length, bends, and the minimum bore of fittings. When flow falls after a tubing change, the effective response is neither to blame the pump first nor to enlarge every tube indiscriminately. Measure inlet pressure, outlet pressure, and accumulated flow together to determine where the added restriction actually occurs.

2026-08-24View Details

What is flow resistance calculation for? Using the Foreach calculator in fluid-path design and selection

The free flow rate of the pump meets the requirements. After installing the pipelines, valves and joints, the liquid supply at the end is insufficient. Flow resistance calculations can break the problem down into comparable data: what pressure differential is required at the target flow rate, where does the pressure loss mainly occur, and what happens if the pipe diameter, pipe length, component Cv or medium viscosity is changed. This article combines the actual function of the Foreach flow resistance calculator with a recalculable fluid circuit case to explain how to use the calculation results for design, selection, troubleshooting and prototype verification.

2026-09-11View Details

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