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Home/Applications/In Vitro Diagnostics/Hematology analyzer
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Hematology analyzers: diluent and reaction-reagent metering

Application guide

Diluent and reaction-reagent metering is a specific liquid-handling operation in hematology analyzers. This page explains product responsibilities, sequence, actual conditions and recovery requirements. Establish the architecture before comparing configurations.

Applicable architecture

Hematology analyzers may use different detection principles and channel configurations. Diluent, lysing reagent and sheath-fluid locations depend on the specific method; sheath-flow conditions do not apply to every counting channel.[3]

Application guide

Hematology analyzer

Hematology analyzer
Diaphragm pumps in hematology analyzers
Hematology-channel cleaning and waste removal
Bubble and pressure sensing in hematology analyzers
Tubing and fittings in hematology analyzers
Multiport rotary valves in hematology analyzers
Detection-channel switching and fluid renewal
Piston pumps in hematology analyzers
Whole-blood sampling and delivery
Sampling probes in hematology analyzers
Syringe pumps in hematology analyzers
Diluent and reaction-reagent metering

On this page

Where diluent and reaction-reagent metering occurs in the instrumentProduct responsibilities in this operationOrganize the sequence by actual architectureDefine operating conditions for this taskCompare product configurations by the roles on this pageValidate operation results at the receiverLocate abnormalities and restore the next operationReferencesRelated guides

01Where diluent and reaction-reagent metering occurs in the instrument

Add diluent and assay-required lysing reagent at specified doses, checking actual sample/reagent ratios at the reaction site separately. For sheath-flow detection, define that branch's supply flow, pressure and stability separately; sheath supply is not equivalent to a single dilution dispense.

Include delivery errors, shared residue and mixing in ratio validation. Equal commanded volumes mean equal settings only; they do not replace measurement of received volume and detection results.

02Product responsibilities in this operation

Syringe drive and valve positions jointly organize aspiration, holding and dispensing. Record working volume, remaining inventory and replenishment timing according to the sequence.

For this operation, confirm: Whole-blood aliquot; diluent and method-required lysing reagent; each delivered volume; addition order; reaction vessel and mixing; separate sheath-flow requirements where applicable.

03Organize the sequence by actual architecture

  1. List sample, diluent and assay-required reaction reagents separately, defining target dose, addition order and mixing location for each branch.
  2. Deliver through actual valve paths and metering configuration, measure each branch's received volume at the reaction site, and check mixing and actual ratio.
  3. For sheath-flow detection, treat sheath supply as a separate branch and evaluate actual flow, pressure and stability rather than reusing a single dilution-dispensing sequence.
  4. After bottle changes or standby, recheck the first metered dose and detection-supply recovery separately, then check channel blanks and assay results.

04Define operating conditions for this task

Conditions, results and abnormality records for this operation
To defineDetails
Actual operating conditionsWhole-blood aliquot; diluent and method-required lysing reagent; each delivered volume; addition order; reaction vessel and mixing; separate sheath-flow requirements where applicable
Acceptance targetMeasure the sample, diluent and reaction reagent received in the actual reaction path separately. Verify their ratio after the specified mixing sequence, including the first additions after standby or a bottle change.
Fault localizationA small sample-volume error, incomplete reagent delivery or retained liquid can alter the dilution ratio. Inadequate mixing may leave a nonuniform aliquot even when the combined volume is correct.

Further technical reading

  • What Is a Programmable Syringe Pump? Operation, Fluid Routing and Automation
  • Piston Pump Accuracy, Repeatability and Resolution Explained

05Compare product configurations by the roles on this page

Configuration options for the product roles on this page
ProductConfiguration optionConditions to verify
HLD rotary-valve syringe pumpAspiration, holding and dispensing with a rotary valveCheck source/outlet valve positions, capacity budget and replenishment timing
HMD solenoid-valve syringe pumpMetered aspiration and dispensing with solenoid valvesCheck open/closed and power-off states, working volume and replenishment cycle
  • HLD rotary-valve syringe pump

    HLD rotary-valve syringe pump

    View Details
  • HMD solenoid-valve syringe pump

    HMD solenoid-valve syringe pump

    View Details

06Validate operation results at the receiver

Measure the sample, diluent and reaction reagent received in the actual reaction path separately. Verify their ratio after the specified mixing sequence, including the first additions after standby or a bottle change.

Use actual whole-blood conditions to assess the resulting channel blank and method response. Where detection uses sheath flow, evaluate that branch independently for sustained flow, pressure and stability.

07Locate abnormalities and restore the next operation

A small sample-volume error, incomplete reagent delivery or retained liquid can alter the dilution ratio. Inadequate mixing may leave a nonuniform aliquot even when the combined volume is correct.

Identify the affected aliquot and which additions are complete. Restore each source path and verify first-dose delivery, then prepare a new dilution or handle the incomplete mixture according to the method; do not replay all additions into an uncertain vessel.

Metered dilution and sheath-fluid flow serve different functions. A correct dilution ratio does not establish the operating conditions of a sheath-flow detector.

References

View references (3)
  1. [1]FOREACH HLD rotary-valve syringe pump: configurations and specifications
  2. [2]FOREACH HMD solenoid-valve syringe pump: configurations and specifications
  3. [3]Sysmex hematology analyzer reference: impedance and fluorescence flow-cytometry configurations

Related guides

  • Back to the hematology analyzer fluidics overview
  • Syringe pumps in hematology analyzers

Related Products

HLD Rotary-valve syringe pumps

HLD Rotary-valve syringe pumps

HMD Solenoid-valve syringe pumps

HMD Solenoid-valve syringe pumps

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