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Tip-based preparation: supernatant removal, washing and eluate recovery

Application guide

Sample preparation uses similar aspiration and dispensing motions for different material tasks: washing removes supernatant while retaining the solid phase; elution recovers the target product. Define retained and discarded destinations for each step before setting aspiration position.

Application guides

Analytical instruments

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Water analysis units
Analytical Sample Preparation
Analytical system integration
Piston Pumps in Analytical Instruments
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Syringe pump
Syringe-pump samplingMultiple dispensing with syringe pumpsSyringe-pump standard preparation and over-range sample dilutionSequential injection and flow analysis
Air-displacement pipetting pump
Disposable-Tip Sample TransferTip-based dilution and dispensingTip-based sample preparation
Valveless metering pumps
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Diaphragm pump
Wash-liquid supply and primingWorking-liquid replenishmentAuxiliary liquid circulationGas-liquid waste aspiration
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Fluidic monitoring
Bubble and Liquid-State DetectionPressure and Blockage Monitoring
Tubing, fittings, filters and check valves
Tubing materials and dimensionsLow-retention connectionsFiltration and backflow protection

ON THIS PAGE

Locate the source, drive and receiving position for this taskSet aspiration height for retention or recovery objectivesCompare product options against task requirementsDistinguish supernatant, wash-liquid and product destinationsEvaluate residual liquid, retained solid phase and recovery togetherAfter an abnormality or maintenance, first identify which segment needs recoveryContinue with tasks on the same branchReferencesRelated guides

01Locate the source, drive and receiving position for this task

Processed sample→Tip aspiration and waste disposal→Wash or elution vessel→Retain the target
Functional or operational sequence; confirm connections and branches for each state on the instrument

Specify the retained phase or solid, waste and eluate destinations, aspiration height, allowable residual liquid and target. Trace contact surfaces, pressure and destinations along the diagram before assigning pump and connection roles.

02Set aspiration height for retention or recovery objectives

Coordinate aspiration height and speed with solid-phase position and vessel geometry. Working-volume budgets should include residue and low-volume product recovery. Different preparation formulations may require different liquid-class programs.

Compare configuration conditions by actual task
Condition to compareInformation requiredSelection affected
What must be retainedSupernatant, precipitate, solid phase or eluateDefine retained material and waste for each step
Aspiration geometryInterface, pellet position and allowable residual liquidSet aspiration height and speed
Recovery pathTip wetting, surface adsorption and transfer countControl target loss and sample contamination

03Compare product options against task requirements

The following candidate options match this page's responsibilities. Compare them against the operating conditions described, then check capacity, materials and interfaces on the product pages. Card images show representative configurations; suitability must still be confirmed at actual operating points and by application results.

Move from task conditions to product configuration
Product categoryCorresponding roleConfirm before selection
SMTP air-displacement pipetting pumpAir displacement with disposable tipsValidate tip sealing, liquid type and motion together
  • SMTP air-displacement pipetting pump

04Distinguish supernatant, wash-liquid and product destinations

After separation, remove supernatant, add wash liquid and perform processing and elution as required by the method, then transfer product to the correct destination. Organize tip changes and waste resources around contamination-control boundaries and platform scheduling.

Action records should link commands, valve or interface states and actual received results. When raw material, container or sample identity changes, reconfirm shared paths and conditions permitting the next step. Completion of drive movement alone does not replace task acceptance.

05Evaluate residual liquid, retained solid phase and recovery together

Assess residual liquid, solid-phase loss, product recovery and blanks together. If volume passes but recovery falls, check aspiration position, materials and solid-phase condition rather than adjusting pump calibration alone.

Link operating-point tests to interpretable results
Validation scenarioMeasurement or observationInterpretation and action
Supernatant removalMeasure residual liquid and observe loss of solid phase or precipitateDo not optimize solely for the driest possible aspiration
Eluate recoveryCompare actual collected volume and target responseDistinguish volume loss, adsorption and changes in the processing method

Record test medium, configuration, installed path and operating sequence; present routine operating points and boundary results separately. Calculations support design discussions, component documentation checks models, and installed measurements confirm the actual task.

06After an abnormality or maintenance, first identify which segment needs recovery

Incorrect aspiration position, phase carryover or surface adsorption may cause product loss. Check actual results from the affected step before resuming the next action.

Retain current source, container identity, completed actions, valve or interface state and actual receiving information. Use the table to locate the stage that changed before deciding to retry, continue or restart. After recovery, recheck the relevant operating point before returning an uncertain action to the automatic cycle.

  • Bring the fluidic diagram and operating-point records to discuss configuration

07Continue with tasks on the same branch

  • Air-displacement pipetting pumps: tips, liquid types and motion
  • Disposable-Tip Sample Transfer: Sealing and Receiving Actions
  • Tip-Based Dilution and Dispensing: Linking Ratios to Actual Delivery

References

View references (2)
  1. [1]Hamilton: ZEUS Self-Contained Pipette Channel
  2. [2]FOREACH: SMTP2 / SMTP4 Pipetting Pump Datasheet

Related guides

  • Disposable-Tip Sample Transfer: Sealing and Receiving Actions
  • Cuvette and Microplate Washing: Residue, Solid Phase and Head Position
  • Pressure and blockage monitoring: establish action baselines before fault thresholds

Related Products

SMTP air-displacement pipetting pump; representative configuration. Select capacity, materials and interfaces for the application.

SMTP air-displacement pipetting pump

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What Is Pipetting? Manual and Automated Workflows Compared

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Discuss your tip-based sample preparation fluidics

Provide a fluidic diagram, actual liquids and pressures in each operating state. Specify supernatant, pellet, solid phase or eluate; interfaces, pellet position and allowable residue; and tip wetting, adsorption and transfer count. Compare configurations against this guide's validation objectives.

Contact an engineer